Restatement of the Law,

Consumer Contracts

This Restatement will focus on aspects of the law unique to consumer contracts and on regulatory techniques that are prominently applied in consumer-protection law with examples from specific statutes and regulations.
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Drafting of this project is completed. The official text is expected to be published in 2024.

At the 2022 Annual Meeting, the following actions were taken on Tentative Draft No. 2:

  • A motion to amend the Restatement by adding a new § 2 on interpretation and construction, and then renumbering subsequent Sections passed.
  • A motion to amend § 2 Adoption of Standard Contract Terms failed.
  • A motion to amend § 3 Modification of Standard Contract Terms failed.
  • A motion to remove entirely § 6 Deception failed.
  • A motion to amend § 9(a) was withdrawn following the suggested revisions discussed during the project session by the membership.
  • A motion to amend § 9(b) was withdrawn, after the Reporters agreed to address the concerns raised by the motion in § 9 Comments.
  • A motion to remove any new language added to § 1 on reasonableness, § 1(c), and current § 2, from inclusion in the Boskey Motion did not pass.

The membership voted to approve Tentative Draft No. 2, subject to the approved motion to add a new § 2. This vote marks the completion of this project.

After a spirited discussion at the 2019 Annual Meeting, the membership voted to approve § 1 of Tentative Draft No. 1, subject to the discussion at the Meeting and usual editorial prerogative.

Read the article by Steven O. Weise featured in our Spring 2019 membership newsletter. 

For an in-depth description of this project, please visit the Consumer Contracts page of The ALI Adviser

Reporters
Oren Bar-Gill Harvard Law School
Cambridge, MA
Omri Ben-Shahar University of Chicago Law School
Chicago, IL
Florencia Marotta-Wurgler New York University School of Law
New York, NY
Advisers
John H. Beisner Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP
Washington, DC
Amelia H. Boss Drexel University Thomas R. Kline School of Law
Philadelphia, PA
Roland E. Brandel Morrison & Foerster LLP
San Francisco, CA
Julie S. Brill Microsoft Corporation
Redmond, WA
Brian P. Brooks O'Melveny & Myers LLP
Los Angeles, CA
Thomas J. Buiteweg Hudson Cook, LLP
Ann Arbor, MI
Steven J. Burton University of Iowa College of Law (Retired)
Washington, DC
Elizabeth J. Cabraser Lieff Cabraser Heimann & Bernstein, LLP
San Francisco, CA
Richard Craswell Stanford Law School
Stanford, CA
Melvin A. Eisenberg University of California, Berkeley School of Law
Berkeley, CA
Meredith Fuchs Plaid Inc
Washington, DC
Larry T. Garvin The Ohio State University, Moritz College of Law
Columbus, OH
Clayton Gillette New York University School of Law
New York, NY
Michael M. Greenfield Washington University School of Law
Saint Louis, MO
Gail K. Hillebrand Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (Retired)
Albany, CA
Robert A. Hillman Cornell Law School
Ithaca, NY
Samuel Issacharoff New York University School of Law
New York, NY
Wallace B. Jefferson Alexander Dubose & Jefferson LLP
Austin, TX
James R. Jenkins Midland, MI
Alan S. Kaplinsky Ballard Spahr LLP
Philadelphia, PA
Raymond M. Kethledge U.S. Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit
Ann Arbor, MI
Carolyn B. Kuhl Superior Court of California, County of Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA
Patricia A. McCoy Boston College Law School
Newton, MA
Kelly McNamara-Corley Discover Financial Services, Inc.
Riverwoods, IL
Carlos G. Ortiz Goya Foods Inc.
Jersey City, NJ
Dee Pridgen University of Wyoming College of Law (Retired)
Fort Collins, CO
Margaret Jane Radin University of Michigan Law School (Retired)
Ann Arbor, MI
E. Lee Reichert, III Colorado Attorney General's Office
Denver, CO
Elizabeth A. Renuart National Consumer Law Center
Boston, MA
Jonathan Rose Arizona State University, Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law
Phoenix, AZ
Mary M. Schroeder U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit
Phoenix, AZ
Hans Schulte-Nölke European Legal Studies Institute
Osnabruck, Germany
Willard K. Tom Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP (Retired)
Chevy Chase, MD
Steven O. Weise Proskauer Rose LLP
Los Angeles, CA
James J. White University of Michigan Law School
Ann Arbor, MI
Lauren E. Willis Loyola Law School, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA
Jacob S. Ziegel University of Toronto Faculty of Law (Retired)
Toronto, Canada
Members Consultative Group
Kristen David Adams Stetson University College of Law
Gulfport, FL
Peter A. Alces William & Mary Law School (Retired)
Venice, FL
Richard M. Alderman University of Houston Law Center
Santa Fe, NM
H. William Allen Williams & Anderson PLC (Retired)
Little Rock, AR
Theresa Amato Amato PLLC
Washington, DC
Roy Ryden Anderson Southern Methodist University, Dedman School of Law
Dallas, TX
Christopher Edward Appel Shook, Hardy & Bacon LLP
Washington, DC
Ronald G. Aronovsky Southwestern Law School
Los Angeles, CA
Michael F. Aylward Morrison Mahoney LLP
Boston, MA
Lynn A. Baker University of Texas School of Law
Austin, TX
Barry Barnett Susman Godfrey LLP
Dallas, TX
Dabney Dorsett Bassel Texas Second Court of Appeals
Fort Worth, TX
Shawn J. Bayern Florida State University College of Law
Tallahassee, FL
Neal S. Berinhout AT&T (Retired)
Atlanta, GA
Brian Bix University of Minnesota Law School
Minneapolis, MN
Carl S. Bjerre University of Oregon School of Law
Eugene, OR
Matthew T. Bodie University of Minnesota Law School
Minneapolis, MN
David S. Bogen University of Maryland, Francis King Carey School of Law
Baltimore, MD
Louis F. Bonacorsi Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner LLP
Saint Louis, MO
Willard L. Boyd III Nyemaster Goode, PC
Des Moines, IA
Ronald A. Brand University of Pittsburgh School of Law
Pittsburgh, PA
Thomas P. Brown Nyca Partners LLC
San Francisco, CA
Arthur H. Bryant Bailey & Glasser LLP
Oakland, CA
Mark E. Budnitz Georgia State University College of Law
Atlanta, GA
Timothy W. Burns Burns Bair LLP
Madison, WI
John P. Burton Rodey, Dickason, Sloan, Akin & Robb, P.A.
Santa Fe, NM
Fabrizio Cafaggi European University Institute Law Department
Florence, Italy
Stephen Calkins Wayne State University Law School
Detroit, MI
Vincent P. Cardi West Virginia University College of Law
Morgantown, WV
William Richard Casto Texas Tech University School of Law
Lubbock, TX
Eric C. Chaffee Case Western Reserve University School of Law
Cleveland, OH
Robert S. Chang Seattle University School of Law
Seattle, WA
Jordan B. Cherrick Sidley Austin LLP (Retired)
Saint Louis, MO
Eric A. Chiappinelli Texas Tech University School of Law
Lubbock, TX
Carol L. Chomsky University of Minnesota Law School
Minneapolis, MN
Stephen Yee Chow Stephen Y. Chow, PC
Boston, MA
Tracy Christopher Fourteenth Court of Appeals
Houston, TX
David S. Coale Lynn Pinker Hurst & Schwegmann LLP
Dallas, TX
Jacob Katz Cogan University of Cincinnati College of Law
Cincinnati, OH
Neil B. Cohen Brooklyn Law School
Brooklyn, NY
Daniel A. Cotter Dickinson Wright PLLC
Chicago, IL
Martin B. Cowan New Rochelle, NY
John G. Crabtree Crabtree, Auslander & Tackenberg
Key Biscayne, FL
Christopher Scott D'Angelo Montgomery, McCracken, Walker & Rhoads, LLP
Philadelphia, PA
Joseph William Dellapenna Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law (Retired)
Ardmore, PA
Anthony E. DiResta Holland & Knight LLP
Washington, DC
Edward Diver Langer, Grogan & Diver, P.C.
Philadelphia, PA
William S. Dodge University of California, Davis School of Law
Davis, CA
Christopher R. Drahozal University of Kansas School of Law
Lawrence, KS
William A. Drennan Southern Illinois University School of Law
Carbondale, IL
Arthur W. S. Duff The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania
Wayne, PA
Matthew H. Duncan Fine, Kaplan and Black, RPC
Philadelphia, PA
Marguerite M. Elias Gogo Inc.
Chicago, IL
David G. Epstein University of Richmond School of Law
Richmond, VA
Howard M. Erichson Fordham University School of Law
New York, NY
Joseph P. Esposito Esposito Mediation LLC
Bethesda, MD
Samuel Estreicher New York University School of Law
New York, NY
Ward Farnsworth University of Texas School of Law
Austin, TX
Jay M. Feinman Rutgers Law School
Camden, NJ
Richard L. Field Law Office of Richard Field
Cliffside Park, NJ
Judith K. Fitzgerald Tucker Arensberg, P.C.
Pittsburgh, PA
Joseph Z. Fleming Joseph Z. Fleming P.A.
Miami, FL
Michael D. Floyd Samford University, Cumberland School of Law (Retired)
Lenoir City, TN
Theodore J. Folkman Rubin & Rudman LLP
Boston, MA
Mark E. Foster Law Offices of Mark Foster
Walnut Creek, CA
Caroline Rose Fredrickson Georgetown University Law Center
Washington, DC
David Joel Frisch University of Richmond School of Law
Richmond, VA
Henry D. Gabriel Elon University School of Law
Greensboro, NC
Jean Galbraith University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School
Philadelphia, PA
Angel A. Garganta Venable LLP
San Francisco, CA
David R. Geiger Foley Hoag LLP
Boston, MA
James Paul George Texas A&M University School of Law
Fort Worth, TX
Joseph M. Getty Supreme Court of Maryland
Annapolis, MD
Llewellyn Joseph Gibbons University of Toledo College of Law
Toledo, OH
Joseph Goldberg Freedman Boyd Hollander Goldberg PA
Albuquerque, NM
John M. Golden University of Texas School of Law
Austin, TX
Eric Goldman Santa Clara University School of Law
Santa Clara, CA
Jeremy M. Goldman California Court of Appeal, First Appellate District, Division Four
San Francisco, CA
Katherine Ann Graham Austin, TX
Jeffrey J. Greenbaum Sills Cummis & Gross P.C.
Newark, NJ
Michael Greenwald Philadelphia, PA
Marcy Hogan Greer Alexander Dubose & Jefferson LLP
Austin, TX
Charles E. Griffin Butler Snow LLP
Ridgeland, MS
John J. Grogan Langer, Grogan & Diver, P.C.
Philadelphia, PA
Marjorie E. Gross Law Office of Majorie E. Gross
New York, NY
Deepak Gupta Gupta Wessler LLP
Washington, DC
Anton G. Hajjar Chevy Chase, MD
Peter E. Halle Coconut Grove, FL
Teresa Wilton Harmon Sidley Austin LLP
Chicago, IL
Robert M. Hart Bronxville, NY
Paul T. Hayden Loyola Law School, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA
William C. Heuer Westerman Ball Ederer Miller Zucker & Sharfstein LLP
Uniondale, NY
Richard deC. Hinds Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP
Washington, DC
David A. Hoffman University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School
Philadelphia, PA
Chris Jay Hoofnagle University of California, Berkeley Center for Law & Technology
Berkeley, CA
Stephen K. Huber University of Houston Law Center
Glenwood Springs, CO
Edwin E. Huddleson Washington, DC
Sarah Jane Hughes Indiana University, Maurer School of Law
Bloomington, IN
LaShonda A. Hunt U.S. District Court, Northern District of Illinois
Chicago, IL
Richard H. Hunter Richard H. Hunter PC
St. Thomas, VI
J. Russell Jackson Dowd Bennett LLP
Saint Louis, MO
Melissa B. Jacoby University of North Carolina School of Law
Chapel Hill, NC
Edward J. Janger Brooklyn Law School
Brooklyn, NY
Sarah Howard Jenkins University of Arkansas at Little Rock, William H. Bowen School of Law (Retired)
Little Rock, AR
Dalié Jiménez University of California, Irvine School of Law
Irvine, CA
Vincent R. Johnson St. Mary's University School of Law
San Antonio, TX
Thomas W. Joo University of California, Davis School of Law
Davis, CA
Emily Kadens Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law
Chicago, IL
Michele C. Kane The Walt Disney Company (Retired)
Burbank, CA
Cem Kaner Guelph, ON, Canada
Allan Kanner Kanner & Whiteley, LLC
New Orleans, LA
Richard B. Katskee Duke University School of Law
Durham, NC
Robert L. Kehr Valensi Rose, APC
Los Angeles, CA
Amy Keller DiCello Levitt
Chicago, IL
Harold H. Kim U.S. Chamber of Commerce
Washington, DC
Nancy S. Kim Chicago-Kent College of Law
Chicago, IL
Daniel S. Kleinberger Mitchell Hamline School of Law (Retired)
Mendota Heights, MN
Margaret N. Kniffin St. John's University School of Law
New York, NY
Andrew D. Koblenz National Automobile Dealers Association
Tysons, VA
Peter R. Kochenburger Southern University Law Center
Baton Rouge, LA
Michael J. Kramer Noble Circuit Court
Albion, IN
Christina L. Kunz Mitchell Hamline School of Law (Retired)
Saint Paul, MN
Sybil H. Landau New York, NY
Howard Langer Langer, Grogan & Diver, P.C.
Philadelphia, PA
John P. Lavelle, Jr. Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP
Philadelphia, PA
Robert M. Lawless University of Illinois College of Law
Champaign, IL
Peter E. Leckman Langer, Grogan & Diver, P.C.
Philadelphia, PA
Bill Lann Lee Civil Rights Education and Enforcement Center
Berkeley, CA
Carol F. Lee Taconic Capital Advisors L.P.
New York, NY
Adam J. Levitin Georgetown University Law Center
Washington, DC
Adam J. Levitt DiCello Levitt
Chicago, IL
John B. Lewis Baker & Hostetler LLP (Retired)
Shaker Heights, OH
John Linarelli University of Pittsburgh School of Law
Pittsburgh, PA
Jonathan C. Lipson Temple University Beasley School of Law
Philadelphia, PA
Kyle D. Logue University of Michigan Law School
Ann Arbor, MI
William Cullen MacDonald Hawkins Delafield & Wood LLP
Bethesda, MD
Kerry Lynn Macintosh Santa Clara University School of Law
Santa Clara, CA
Michael J. Madison University of Pittsburgh School of Law
Pittsburgh, PA
Peter B. Maggs University of Illinois College of Law
Urbana, IL
Cathy Lesser Mansfield Case Western Reserve University School of Law
Cleveland, OH
C. Scott Maravilla U.S. Federal Aviation Administration
Washington, DC
Bruce A. Markell Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law
Chicago, IL
Colin P. Marks St. Mary's University School of Law
San Antonio, TX
Jennifer S. Martin Albany Law School
Albany, NY
Nathalie D. Martin University of New Mexico School of Law
Albuquerque, NM
Michael C. Massengale JAMS
Houston, TX
James R. Maxeiner University of Baltimore School of Law (Retired)
Bronxville, NY
Catherine P. McEwen U.S. Bankruptcy Court
Tampa, FL
David McGowan University of San Diego School of Law
San Diego, CA
James A. McKenna State of Maine Office of the Attorney General
Hallowell, ME
John J. "Mike" McKetta, III Graves, Dougherty, Hearon & Moody, PC
Austin, TX
Douglas Earl McLaren Law Offices of Douglas Earl McLaren
Washington, DC
Thomas B. McNamara U.S. Bankruptcy Court for District of Colorado
Denver, CO
Grace Lee Mead Stearns Weaver Miller Weissler Alhadeff & Sitterson, P.A.
Miami, FL
Mark S. Melodia Holland & Knight LLP
New York, NY
Douglas K. Moll University of Houston Law Center
Houston, TX
Juliet M. Moringiello Widener University Commonwealth Law School
Harrisburg, PA
Richard L. Neumeier Morrison Mahoney LLP (Retired)
Boston, MA
Christopher K. Odinet University of Iowa College of Law
Iowa City, IA
Nathan B. Oman William & Mary Law School
Williamsburg, VA
Rafael I. Pardo Washington University School of Law
Saint Louis, MO
Jacqueline A. Parker Bank of America
New York, NY
R. Ashby Pate Lightfoot Franklin & White LLC
Birmingham, AL
Robert S. Peck Center for Constitutional Litigation, PC
Washington, DC
Robert H. Pemberton Texas Third Court of Appeals
Austin, TX
Jeffrey M. Pollock Fox Rothschild LLP
Princeton, NJ
Norman M. Powell Young Conaway Stargatt & Taylor, LLP
Wilmington, DE
Cheryl B. Preston Brigham Young University, J. Reuben Clark Law School
Provo, UT
Iain D. C. Ramsay University of Kent Law School
Canterbury, England
Bernard D. Reams, Jr. St. Mary's University School of Law
San Antonio, TX
David Reiss Brooklyn Law School
Brooklyn, NY
Curtis R. Reitz University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School
Philadelphia, PA
William L. Reynolds University of Maryland, Francis King Carey School of Law
Baltimore, MD
Caprice L. Roberts Louisiana State University, Paul M. Hebert Law Center
Baton Rouge, LA
Armand James Robertson, II Superior Court of California, City and County of San Francisco (Retired)
San Francisco, CA
James L. Robertson Wise Carter Child & Caraway, P.A. (Retired)
Jackson, MS
Kenneth Ross Bowman and Brooke LLP
Midway, UT
Elizabeth A. Rowe University of Virginia School of Law
Charlottesville, VA
Keith A. Rowley University of Nevada, Las Vegas, William S. Boyd School of Law
Las Vegas, NV
Linda J. Rusch Seattle, WA
Michael L. Rustad Suffolk University Law School
South Burlington, VT
Jack M. Sabatino Superior Court of New Jersey, Appellate Division
Trenton, NJ
Karen J. Sarjeant Legal Services Corporation (Retired)
Silver Spring, MD
Ronald Joseph Scalise, Jr. Tulane University School of Law
New Orleans, LA
Milton R. Schroeder Arizona State University, Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law
Paradise Valley, AZ
Daniel Schwarcz University of Minnesota Law School
Minneapolis, MN
Paul M. Schwartz University of California, Berkeley School of Law
Berkeley, CA
Victor E. Schwartz Shook, Hardy & Bacon LLP
Washington, DC
Marc M. Seltzer Susman Godfrey LLP
Los Angeles, CA
Stephen L. Sepinuck Vanderbilt University Law School
Nashville, TN
Brian D. Shannon Texas Tech University School of Law
Lubbock, TX
Allen E. Shoenberger Loyola University Chicago School of Law
Chicago, IL
Michael N. Simkovic University of Southern California, Gould School of Law
Santa Monica, CA
Omari Scott Simmons George Washington University Law School
Washington, DC
George Prescott Slover Center for Democracy & Technology
Washington, DC
B. Rush Smith, III Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough, LLP
Columbia, SC
Douglas G. Smith Aurelius Law Group LLC
Chicago, IL
Nicholas F. B. Smyth Pennsylvania Attorney General's Office
Pittsburgh, PA
David V. Snyder American University, Washington College of Law
Washington, DC
Daniel J. Solove George Washington University Law School
Washington, DC
Henry J. Sommer National Consumer Bankruptcy Rights Center
Philadelphia, PA
Luis Eduardo Sprovieri Forino - Sprovieri - Dell 'Oca - Aielo LLP
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Joan E. Steinman IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law
Chicago, IL
Jeffrey W. Stempel University of Nevada, Las Vegas, William S. Boyd School of Law
Las Vegas, NV
Larry S. Stewart Stewart Tilghman Fox Bianchi & Cain, P.A. (Retired)
West Palm Beach, FL
H. Mark Stichel RKW Law Group
Baltimore, MD
Laura Denvir Stith Supreme Court of Missouri
Kansas City, MO
Elizabeth S. Stong U.S. Bankruptcy Court, Eastern District of New York
Brooklyn, NY
Guy Miller Struve Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP (Retired)
New York, NY
Charles A. Sullivan Seton Hall University School of Law
Newark, NJ
Jennifer S. Taub Western New England University School of Law
Springfield, MA
Louise Ellen Teitz Roger Williams University School of Law
Bristol, RI
Jeffrey E. Thomas University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law
Kansas City, MO
Jay Tidmarsh Notre Dame Law School
Notre Dame, IN
Joseph P. Tomain University of Cincinnati College of Law
Cincinnati, OH
Anne M. Tucker Georgia State University College of Law
Atlanta, GA
Vicki O. Tucker Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP (Retired)
Richmond, VA
Sjef van Erp University of Amsterdam
Noord-Brabant, Netherlands
Bea Verschraegen University of Vienna, Faculty of Law
Vienna, Austria
Dominick Vetri University of Oregon School of Law (Retired)
Eugene, OR
David C. Vladeck Georgetown University Law Center
Washington, DC
Frederick William (Bill) Wagner Wagner McLaughlin, P.A. (Retired)
Tampa, FL
Sean P. Wajert Shook, Hardy & Bacon LLP
Philadelphia, PA
Dennis J. Wall Law Office of Dennis J. Wall
Winter Springs, FL
Spencer W. Waller Loyola University Chicago School of Law
Chicago, IL
Stephen J. Ware University of Kansas School of Law
Lawrence, KS
Nancy A. Welsh Texas A&M University School of Law
Fort Worth, TX
Christiane C. Wendehorst University of Vienna, Department of Civil Law
Vienna, Austria
Alan M. White City University of New York School of Law
Long Island City, NY
Gerard E. Wimberly, Jr. Akerman LLP (Retired)
New Orleans, LA
Jane K. Winn University of Washington School of Law
Seattle, WA
William J. Woodward Temple University Beasley School of Law (Emeritus)
Oakland, CA
William A. Worthington Taylor Book Allen & Morris, LLP (Retired)
Houston, TX
Candace Zierdt Stetson University College of Law
Gulfport, FL

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