Sentencing

500 pages, 2023, #1MPCSOT
This work revisits the sentencing provisions of the Model Penal Code in light of the many changes in sentencing philosophy and practice that have taken place in the more than 50 years since the Code was first developed. It replaces about half of the original Code and contains exhaustive research into best practices across the 50 states as well as a deep examination of academic literature. In addition to setting forth a comprehensive model for state legislatures, this publication provides invaluable materials for public-policy experts and academics.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• Foreword
• Reporters’ Introduction
• Part I. General Provisions
• Article 1. Preliminary
• 1.02(2). Purposes of Sentencing and the Sentencing System
• Article 6. Authorized Dispositions
• 6.01. Grading of Felonies and Misdemeanors
• 6.02. Authorized Dispositions for Individuals
• 6.03. Deferred Prosecution
• 6.04. Deferred Adjudication
• 6.05. Probation
• 6.06. Economic Sanctions; General Provisions
• 6.07. Victim Restitution
• 6.08. Fines
• 6.09. Asset Forfeitures
• 6.10. Costs, Fees, and Assessments
• 6.11. Incarceration
• 6.12. Credit Against the Sentence for Time Spent in Custody
• 6.13. Postrelease Supervision
• 6.14. Sentencing of Offenders Under the Age of 18
• 6.15. Violations of Probation or Postrelease Supervision
• 6.16. Victim-Offender Conferencing; Principles for Legislation (see Appendix A)
• Article 7. Collateral Consequences of Criminal Conviction
• 7.01. Definitions
• 7.02. Sentencing Guidelines and Collateral Consequences
• 7.03. Voting and Jury Service
• 7.04. Notification of Collateral Consequences; Order of Relief
• 7.05. Orders of Relief for Convictions from Other Jurisdictions; Relief Following the Termination of a Sentence
• 7.06. Certificate of Restoration of Rights
• Article 8. Sentencing Commission
• 8.01. Establishment and Purposes of Sentencing Commission
• 8.02. Membership of Sentencing Commission
• 8.03. Staff of Sentencing Commission
• 8.04. Initial Responsibilities of Sentencing Commission
• 8.05. Ongoing Responsibilities of Sentencing Commission
• 8.06. Community Corrections Strategy
• 8.07. Projections Concerning Fiscal Impact, Correctional Resources, and Demographic Impacts
• 8.08. Ancillary Powers of Sentencing Commission
• 8.09. Omnibus Review of Sentencing System
• Article 9. Sentencing Guidelines
• 9.01. Definitions
• 9.02. Framework for Sentencing Guidelines
• 9.03. Purposes of Sentencing and Sentencing Guidelines
• 9.04. Presumptive Guidelines and Departures
• 9.05. Eligible Sentencing Considerations
• 9.06. Use of Criminal History
• 9.07. Multiple Sentences; Concurrent and Consecutive Terms
• 9.08. Evidence-Based Sentencing; Offender Treatment Needs and Risk of Reoffending
• 9.09. Offenses Not Covered by Sentencing Guidelines
• 9.10. Effective Date of Sentencing Guidelines and Amendments
• Article 10. Judicial Sentencing Authority
• 10.01. Judicial Authority to Individualize Sentences
• 10.02. Choices Among Sanctions
• 10.03. Eligible Sentencing Considerations
• 10.04. Sentences upon Multiple Convictions
• 10.05. Sentencing Proceedings; Presentence Investigation and Report
• 10.06. Sentencing Proceedings; Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law
• 10.07. Sentencing Proceedings; Jury Factfinding
• 10.08. Sentencing Proceedings; Victims’ Rights
• 10.09. Sentence Modification
• 10.10. Appellate Review of Sentences
• Article 11. Prison Release; Correctional Populations Exceeding Capacity
• 11.01. Good-Time Reductions of Prison Terms; Reductions for Program Participation
• 11.02. Modification of Long-Term Prison Sentences; Principles for Legislation (see Appendix A)
• 11.03. Modification of Prison Sentences in Circumstances of Advanced Age, Physical or Mental Infirmity, Exigent Family Circumstances, or Other Compelling Reasons
• 11.04. Control of Correctional Populations That Exceed Operational Capacity; Principles for Legislation (see Appendix A)
• Appendixes
• Appendix A. Principles for Legislation
• Article 6. Authorized Dispositions
• 6.16. Victim-Offender Conferencing; Principles for Legislation
• Article 11. Prison Release; Correctional Populations Exceeding Capacity
• 11.02. Modification of Long-Term Prison Sentences; Principles for Legislation
• 11.04. Control of Correctional Populations That Exceed Operational Capacity; Principles for Legislation
• Appendix B. Institutional Structure of the Sentencing System
• Appendix C. The Question of Parole-Release Authority
• Appendix D. Victims’ Roles in the Sentencing Process

Reporter:
Kevin R. Reitz, University of Minnesota Law School, Minneapolis, MN
Associate Reporter:
Cecelia Klingele, University of Wisconsin Law School, Madison, WI