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Uniform Commercial Code

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on

A joint project of ALI and the Uniform Law Commission, the UCC was promulgated to harmonize the law of commercial transactions.

Amendments to UCC Articles 1, 2, 2A, 3, 4, 4A, 5, 7, 8, and 9 and a new Article 12 were approved by the ALI and the Uniform Law Commission in 2022. The amendments are available on the ULC website.

From time to time, the Permanent Editorial Board for the UCC issues Commentaries to provide guidance in interpreting and resolving issues raised by the UCC. Published and draft Commentaries are available on the PEB page.

The Permanent Editorial Board for the Uniform Commercial Code discourages non-uniform amendments or additions to the UCC by the states, assists in attaining and maintaining uniformity in state statutes governing commercial transactions, and monitors the law of commercial transactions for needed modernization or other improvement.

The Members Consultative Group (MCG) on Uniform Commercial Code Issues provides input to ALI on UCC-related issues from time to time, such as draft amendments to the UCC, proposed PEB Commentaries, and projects that may overlap or implicate the UCC.

The MCG can review electronic drafts and submit comments by email or via the ALI website. There may be occasional virtual meetings or conference calls, but the MCG will not meet in person.

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Aviva Abramovsky
The National Judicial College, Reno, NV
Kristen David Adams
Stetson University College of Law, Gulfport, FL
José F. Anderson
University of Baltimore School of Law, Baltimore, MD
Dwyer Arce
Kutak Rock LLP, Omaha, NE
Shawn J. Bayern
Florida State University College of Law, Tallahassee, FL
Spyridon V. Bazinas
Vienna, Austria
Carl S. Bjerre
University of Oregon School of Law, Eugene, OR
Amelia H. Boss
Drexel University Thomas R. Kline School of Law, Philadelphia, PA
Thomas H. Boyd
Winthrop & Weinstine, PA, Minneapolis, MN
Willard L. Boyd
Nyemaster Goode, PC, Des Moines, IA
Lissa Lamkin Broome
University of North Carolina School of Law, Chapel Hill, NC
Kara Bruce
University of North Carolina School of Law, Chapel Hill, NC
Craig R. Bucki
Phillips Lytle LLP, Buffalo, NY
Thomas Buiteweg
Hudson Cook, LLP, Ann Arbor, MI
John P. Burton
Rodey Law Firm, Santa Fe, NM
Peter H. Carson
Sheppard, Mullin, Richter & Hampton LLP (Retired), San Francisco, CA
Eric C. Chaffee
Case Western Reserve University School of Law, Cleveland, OH
Jess Cheng
Sidley Austin, New York, NY
Sylvia Fung Chin
White & Case LLP, New York, NY
Carol L. Chomsky
University of Minnesota Law School, Minneapolis, MN
Stephen Yee Chow
Stephen Y. Chow, PC, Boston, MA
Penelope L. Christophorou
Morgan Lewis Bockius LLP, New York, NY
Neil B. Cohen
Brooklyn Law School, Brooklyn, NY
Leianne S. Crittenden
Oracle Corporation, Redwood City, CA
Rueben C. Cásarez
Wells Fargo & Co. (Retired), Evergreen, CO
Christopher Scott D'Angelo
Montgomery, McCracken, Walker & Rhoads, LLP, Philadelphia, PA
Josiah M. Daniel
Vinson & Elkins LLP (Retired), Dallas, TX
Christopher R. Drahozal
University of Kansas School of Law, Lawrence, KS
Marek Dubovec
International Law Institute (ILI), Tucson, AZ
Richard L. Field
Law Office of Richard Field, Cliffside Park, NJ
Michael D. Floyd
Samford University, Cumberland School of Law (Retired), Lenoir City, TN
Pamela Foohey
University of Minnesota Law School, Minneapolis, MN
Julia P. Forrester Rogers
Southern Methodist University Dedman School of Law, Dallas, TX
Mark E. Foster
Law Offices of Mark Foster, Walnut Creek, CA
Gregory R. Fox
Ballard Spahr LLP, Seattle, WA
David Joel Frisch
University of Richmond School of Law, Richmond, VA
Henry D. Gabriel
Elon University School of Law, Greensboro, NC
James Gadsden
Carter Ledyard & Milburn LLP, New York, NY
Kenneth S. Gallant
University of Arkansas at Little Rock, William H. Bowen School of Law (Retired), Sequim, WA
Larry T. Garvin
The Ohio State University, Moritz College of Law, Columbus, OH
Nicholas L. Georgakopoulos
Indiana University, Robert H. McKinney School of Law, Indianapolis, IN
Llewellyn Joseph Gibbons
University of Toledo College of Law, Toledo, OH
Leonard H. Gilbert
Holland & Knight LLP (Retired), Tampa, FL
Craig T. Goldblatt
U.S. Bankruptcy Court, District of Delaware, Wilmington, DE
Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers
U.S. District Court, Northern District of California, Oakland, CA
Sara Sternberg Greene
Duke University School of Law, Durham, NC
Sarah Hammer
The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
Teresa Wilton Harmon
Sidley Austin LLP, Chicago, IL
Ben H. Harris
Jones Walker LLP, Mobile, AL
Stephanie Heller
The Clearing House Payments Company LLC (Retired), New York, NY
Genevieve Helleringer
University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
William H. Henning
Texas A&M University School of Law, Fort Worth, TX
John Francis Hilson
University of California, Los Angeles School of Law, Los Angeles, CA
Christina Michelle Houston
DLA Piper US LLP, Wilmington, DE
C. Stephen Hsu
Beijing College of Politics and Law, Beijing, China
Sarah Jane Hughes
Indiana University, Maurer School of Law, Bloomington, IN
John Patrick Hunt
University of California, Davis School of Law, Davis, CA
LaShonda A. Hunt
U.S. District Court, Northern District of Illinois, Chicago, IL
Howard O. Hunter
Singapore Management University Law School, Singapore, Singapore
Melissa B. Jacoby
University of North Carolina School of Law, Chapel Hill, NC
Edward J. Janger
Brooklyn Law School, Brooklyn, NY
Christopher A. Jarvinen
United States Attorney's Office, Miami, FL
Dalié Jiménez
University of California, Irvine School of Law, Irvine, CA
Emily Kadens
Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law, Chicago, IL
Allan Kanner
Kanner & Whiteley, LLC, New Orleans, LA
Robert R. Keatinge
Holland & Hart LLP, Denver, CO
Kenneth C. Kettering
Columbia Law School, Short Hills, NJ
David R. Keyes
South Texas College of Law Houston, Austin, TX
Nancy S. Kim
IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law, Chicago, IL
William G. Klain
Fennemore Craig, P.C., Phoenix, AZ
Christopher M. Klein
U.S. Bankruptcy Court, Eastern District of California, Vancouver, WA
Andrew D. Koblenz
National Automobile Dealers Association (Retired), Silver Spring, MD
Donald J. Kochan
George Mason University Antonin Scalia Law School, Arlington, VA
William K. Kroger
Baker Botts L.L.P., Houston, TX
Christina L. Kunz
Mitchell Hamline School of Law (Retired), Saint Paul, MN
Robert M. Lawless
University of Illinois College of Law, Champaign, IL
John K. Lawrence
Dickinson Wright PLLC, Ann Arbor, MI
Ethan J. Leib
Fordham University School of Law, New York, NY
Adam J. Levitin
Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, DC
John Linarelli
University of Pittsburgh School of Law, Pittsburgh, PA
Carl H. Lisman
Lisman Leckerling, P.C. (Retired), Burlington, VT
Lynn M. LoPucki
University of Florida, Levin College of Law, Gainesville, FL
Houston Putnam Lowry
Ford & Paulekas, LLP, Hartford, CT
Kerry Lynn Macintosh
Santa Clara University School of Law, Santa Clara, CA
Ronald J. Mann
Columbia Law School, New York, NY
Cathy Lesser Mansfield
Drake University Law School, Beachwood, OH
Bruce A. Markell
Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law, Chicago, IL
Colin P. Marks
University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law, Kansas City, MO
Jennifer S. Martin
Albany Law School, Albany, NY
Michael C. Massengale
JAMS, Houston, TX
James R. Maxeiner
University of Baltimore School of Law (Retired), Bronxville, NY
John T. McGarvey
Morgan Pottinger McGarvey, Louisville, KY
James C. McKay
Office of the Attorney General for the District of Columbia (Retired), Washington, DC
Charles W. Mooney
University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School (Retired), Amherst, NH
Michael T. Morley
Florida State University College of Law, Tallahassee, FL
Daniel R. Murray
Jenner & Block LLP, Chicago, IL
Annette L. Nazareth
Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, Washington, DC
Christopher K. Odinet
Texas A&M University School of Law, Fort Worth, TX
Rafael I. Pardo
Washington University School of Law, Saint Louis, MO
Douglas J. Pepe
Zaiger Linden Roberti & Pepe LLC, New York, NY
Pascal P. Pichonnaz
University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
Darrell W. Pierce
Dykema Gossett PLLC (Retired), Ann Arbor, MI
Thomas E. Plank
University of Tennessee College of Law (Emeritus), Knoxville, TN
Jeffrey M. Pollock
Pollock Law, LLC, Furlong, PA
Norman M. Powell
Young Conaway Stargatt & Taylor, LLP, Wilmington, DE
Theresa J. Pulley Radwan
Stetson University College of Law, Gulfport, FL
Marie T. Reilly
Penn State Law, University Park, PA
David Jerome Reiss
Cornell Law School, New York, NY
Carla L. Reyes
Southern Methodist University Dedman School of Law, Dallas, TX
Sandra M. Rocks
Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP, New York, NY
Paul Rose
Case Western Reserve University School of Law, Cleveland, OH
Keith A. Rowley
University of Nevada, Las Vegas, William S. Boyd School of Law, Las Vegas, NV
Linda J. Rusch
Seattle, WA
Ronald Joseph Scalise
Tulane University School of Law, New Orleans, LA
Timothy R. Schnabel
Law Reform Institute, Mc Lean, VA
William H. Schorling
Buchanan Ingersoll & Rooney PC (Retired), Dillon, CO
James C. Schulwolf
Shipman & Goodwin LLP, Hartford, CT
Stephen L. Sepinuck
Vanderbilt University Law School, Freeport, ME
Michael N. Simkovic
University of Southern California, Gould School of Law, Santa Monica, CA
Marsha E. Simms
Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP (Retired), New York, NY
Bradley Y. Smith
Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, New York, NY
Edwin E. Smith
Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, Boston, MA
James Y. Stern
William & Mary Law School, Williamsburg, VA
H. Mark Stichel
RKW Law Group, Baltimore, MD
Guy Miller Struve
Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP (Retired), New York, NY
Frank Sullivan
Indiana University, Robert H. McKinney School of Law, Indianapolis, IN
Charles J. Tabb
University of Illinois College of Law, Champaign, IL
Louise Ellen Teitz
Roger Williams University School of Law, Bristol, RI
Daniel Mack Traynor
U.S. Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit, Bismarck, ND
Anne M. Tucker
University of Georgia School of Law, Athens, GA
Andrew Verstein
University of California, Los Angeles School of Law, Los Angeles, CA
Chang Wang
Kingsfield Law Office, Bloomington, MN
Steven O. Weise
Proskauer Rose LLP, Los Angeles, CA
Thomas J. Welsh
Updike, Kelly & Spellacy, P.C., Middletown, CT
Christiane C. Wendehorst
University of Vienna, Department of Civil Law, Vienna, Austria
Stephen T. Whelan
Blank Rome LLP (Retired), New York, NY
Alan M. White
City University of New York School of Law, Long Island City, NY
David S. Willenzik
Jones Walker LLP (Retired), New Orleans, LA
Jane K. Winn
University of Washington School of Law, Seattle, WA
William A. Worthington
Taylor Book Allen & Morris, LLP (Retired), Houston, TX
Candace Zierdt
Stetson University College of Law, Gulfport, FL
Sjef van Erp
University of Trento, Italy, Berkel-Enschot , Netherlands

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Sexual Assault and Related Offenses

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on

This project re-examines Article 213 of the Model Penal Code, which was ahead of its time when approved by the ALI in 1962, but is now outdated and no longer a reliable guide for legislatures and courts.

Drafting of this project is completed; production of the official text is in progress.

The Reporter revised the black letter of Tentative Draft No. 6 as a result of discussion and motions at the 2022 Annual Meeting, and the Council has approved the revisions. The Reporter will make conforming changes to the Comments, consistent with the revisions to the black letter, and will prepare the official text of the project. 

At the 2022 Annual Meeting, the following actions were taken on Tentative Draft No. 6:

  • A motion to amend the definition of “consent” passed.
  • A motion to remove entirely a definition of “consent” failed.
  • A motion to amend a portion of § 213.9(2)(a)(ii) failed.
  • A motion to amend § 213.9(5) failed.
  • A submitted motion to amend the definition of “coercion” to include “psychological threat of legal pressure” was agreed to by the Reporter and received no opposition from ALI members.
  • A motion to amend §§ 213.9(3) and (4) was split to consider separate motions:
  • The first part of the motion to make §§ 213.9(3) and (4) registrable failed.
  • The second part of the motion to change the grading of § 213.9(4) to a felony of the third degree with a ten-year maximum sentence failed.
     
  • A motion to amend § 213.11A. Registration for Law-Enforcement Purposes to add a new subsection (e) passed.
  • A motion to amend § 213.11H. Access to Registry Information was split to consider separate motions:
  • The first part of the motion to edit (a)(ii) failed.
  • The second part of the motion to add a new subsection (a)(iv) and renumber existing (a)(iv) to (a)(v) failed.
  • The third part of the motion to add a new subsection (a)(vi) failed.
  • The fourth part of the motion to add a new subsection (b) and (b)(i) failed.
     
  • An additional series of motions on § 213.11 was agreed to by the Reporter and received no opposition from ALI members, and subsequently passed:
  • 213.11 to add a new subsection (5);
  • 213.11A to add a new subsection (4);
  • 213.11D to add a new subsection (5); and
  • 213.11D to delete subsection (1)(g).
     
  • A motion to withdraw in its entirely the revised Article 213 of the Model Penal Code from publication was discussed; members were instructed that in order to support the motion they should reject the motion to approve the draft.

The membership voted to approve Tentative Draft No. 6, subject to the amendments that were approved at the Meeting. 

____________

At its meeting on March 2, 2022, the Council approved the following material in Council Draft No. 12 and the revisions to that draft: Sections 213.0, 213.9, and 213.11-213.11J, and the grading changes in subsection (3) of Section 213.3 and subsections (1) and (4) of Section 213.8. The other material in Council Draft No. 12 requiring approval was approved at the January Council meeting.

At its meeting on January 20 and 21, 2022, the Council reserved consideration of the following sections and topics in Council Draft No. 12: Sections 213.9 and 213.11-213.11J, and grading and registration in Section 213.8. The Council approved all other Sections in the draft with provisions marked by an asterisk. The Council will continue its discussion of the reserved sections and topics at its March meeting.

At the 2021 Annual Meeting, the membership voted to approve Tentative Draft No. 5. Approval of this draft marks the completion of the project, subject to the Council’s approval of the amendments approved at this Annual Meeting. The following are details of the actions taken at the 2021 Annual Meeting:

  • A motion presented by Kimberly Kessler Ferzan to amend the “recklessly” mens rea formulations in Article 213 and structure in certain offenses passed.
  • Three motions to modify Section 213.3 failed.
  • After the Reporters agreed in substance to a motion to add a new subsection (10) to Section 213.8, an amended motion to add the following language as a new subsection (10) was passed by the membership: “For an offense charged under Section 213.8, an actor younger than 14 may be adjudicated delinquent only as a misdemeanant, regardless of the penalty authorized by the statute for the offense.”
  • A motion to delete Section 213.10 failed.
  • Six motions to amend Sections 213.11A, 213.11E, 213.11F, 213.11G, and 213.11I were accepted by the Reporters and passed by the membership.
  • A motion to remove subsection (1)(b) of Section 213.0 failed.

____________

At the 2017 Annual Meeting, the definitions of “Sexual Penetration” and “Oral Sex” were discussed and approved as presented in the draft after a motion on each definition was presented from the floor and did not pass. There was discussion on 213.1, but there was not enough time for all motions on this section to be considered. The following are details of the actions taken at the 2017 Annual Meeting:

  • A motion to add “purposeful” to Section 213.0(1) failed.
  • A motion to replace “touching” in Section 213.0(2) failed.
  • A motion to move the mens rea from the end to the beginning of Section 213.1(1) was accepted by the Reporters as a friendly amendment.
  • A written motion regarding Section 213.1 was made into two motions from the floor: (i) a motion to remove “recklessly” from Section 213.1(1) passed; and (ii) a motion to add the phrase “without the consent of the other person” to Section 213.1(1) was not reached due to lack of time.
  • As previously announced, the meeting had to stop at 5:15 p.m. for Annual Dinner set-up, before discussion of the second motion regarding Section 213.1, or discussion of Section 213.1 generally, was complete.
  • A Boskey motion to approve Sections 213.0(1) and 213.0(2) passed.
  • Section 213.1 will be reviewed at future meetings.  

Note: The summary above, which was initially posted immediately following the Annual Meeting, was corrected after staff received and reviewed the transcript of the proceedings. 

At the 2016 Annual Meeting, the definition of "Consent" was approved as amended. The Council approved this definition at its October 2016 meeting.

____________

All draft approvals are subject to the discussion at the meeting and usual editorial prerogative.

Project Feature on Model Penal Code: Sexual Assault and Related Offenses (2015)

Project Reporter Stephen Schulhofer and Associate Reporter Erin Murphy discuss the project in this short video:

Remote video URL
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Stephen J. Schulhofer
New York University School of Law, New York, NY
Erin E. Murphy
New York University School of Law, New York, NY
Michelle J. Anderson
Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY
Susan Frelich Appleton
Washington University School of Law, Saint Louis, MO
Janis M. Berry
Janis M Berry Attorney at Law (Retired), Marblehead, MA
Mary Patrice Brown
O'Melveny & Myers LLP, Washington, DC
Samuel W. Buell
Duke University School of Law, Durham, NC
I. Bennett Capers
Fordham University School of Law, New York, NY
W. Tucker Carrington
The University of Mississippi School of Law, Oxford, MS
Robert M. Cary
Williams & Connolly LLP, Washington, DC
Sarah Deer
University of Kansas School of Law, Lawrence, KS
Deborah W. Denno
Fordham University School of Law, New York, NY
Paul Steven Diamond
U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
Arthur T. Donato
Media, PA
Ronald Eisenberg
Pennsylvania Attorney General's Office, Philadelphia, PA
Donna Lee Elm
Law Practice of Donna Elm, Cottonwood, AZ
Mary D. Fan
University of Washington School of Law, Seattle, WA
Kimberly Kessler Ferzan
University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School, Philadelphia, PA
Terry L. Fromson
Women's Law Project (Retired), Philadelphia, PA
Fatima Goss Graves
National Women's Law Center, Washington, DC
Aya Gruber
University of Southern California, Gould School of Law, Los Angeles, CA
Rosemary Hart
U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC
Barbara Parker Hervey
Texas Court of Criminal Appeals (Retired), Austin, TX
William M. Jackson
District of Columbia Superior Court
Virginia M. Kendall
U.S. District Court, Northern District of Illinois, Chicago, IL
Nelly N. Khouzam
Florida Second District Court of Appeal, Saint Petersburg, FL
Derek P. Langhauser
Williams College, Cumberland Foreside, ME
Jennifer G. Long
AEquitas, Washington, DC
Gerard E. Lynch
U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit, New York, NY
Catharine A. MacKinnon
University of Michigan Law School, Ann Arbor, MI
Nancy E. O'Malley
Alameda County District Attorney's Office (Retired), Oakland, CA
Wendy L. Patrick
Prosecutors Center for Excellence, San Diego, CA
Lee H. Rosenthal
U.S. District Court, Southern District of Texas, Houston, TX
David Rudovsky
Kairys, Rudovsky, Messing, Feinberg & Lin LLP, Philadelphia, PA
Jon M. Sands
District of Arizona, Federal Defender Office, Phoenix, AZ
Suellyn Scarnecchia
University of Michigan Law School (Retired), Ann Arbor, MI
Abbe Smith
Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, DC
Darryl Antonio Stallworth
The Law Office of Darryl A. Stallworth
Carol S. Steiker
Harvard Law School, Cambridge, MA
Jeannie Suk Gersen
Harvard Law School, Cambridge, MA
Ronald S. Sullivan
Harvard Law School, Criminal Justice Institute
Reggie B. Walton
U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia, Washington, DC
Joan Patricia Weber
San Diego Superior Court, San Diego, CA
Corey Rayburn Yung
Kansas University School of Law
Laura Dunn
L.L. Dunn Law Firm, PLLC
Erin Earp
RAINN
Cynthia Garrett
Families Advocating for Campus Equality, ANACORTES, WA
Rebecca Henry
ABA Commission on Domestic & Sexual Violence
Michael J. Iacopino
Brennan Lenehan
Norman L. Reimer
Vladeck, Raskin & Clark, P.C
Richard Scott Schmechel
D.C. Criminal Code Reform Commission, Washington, DC
Ebony Tucker
National Alliance to End Sexual Violence
Raheemah F. Abdulaleem
PWC, Washington, DC
Elizabeth K. Ainslie
Schnader Harrison Segal & Lewis LLP (Retired), Swarthmore, PA
James J. Alfini
South Texas College of Law Houston, Houston, TX
Ronald J. Allen
Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law, Chicago, IL
José F. Anderson
University of Baltimore School of Law, Baltimore, MD
Richard T. Andrias
Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, First Dept. (Retired), New York, NY
David J. Aronofsky
The University of Montana (Retired), Missoula, MT
Jennifer S. Bard
University of Cincinnati College of Law, Cincinnati, OH
Flora L. Becker
Philadelphia, PA
John S. Beckerman
New Harbor, ME
Warren Belmar
Palm Beach, FL
Dianne Bennett
Hodgson Russ LLP (Retired), Buffalo, NY
Brian Bix
University of Minnesota Law School, Minneapolis, MN
Christopher L. Blakesley
University of Nevada, Las Vegas, William S. Boyd School of Law, Las Vegas, NV
Steven M. Bradford
HNI Corporation, Muscatine, IA
Russell J. Bruemmer
WilmerHale (Retired), Washington, DC
Ellen M. Bublick
Arizona State University, Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, Phoenix, AZ
José A. Cabranes
U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit, New Haven, CT
Terry Calvani
Brunswick Group LLC, Nashville, TN
Catherine L. Carpenter
Southwestern Law School, Los Angeles, CA
Eric R. Carpenter
Florida International University College of Law, Miami, FL
Jenny E. Carroll
Texas A&M University School of Law, Fort Worth, TX
John Hill Cayce
Kelly Hart & Hallman LLP (Retired), Fort Worth, TX
Martha E. Chamallas
The Ohio State University, Moritz College of Law (Retired), Brooklyn, NY
Henry L. Chambers
University of Richmond School of Law, Richmond, VA
Steven L. Chanenson
Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law, Villanova, PA
Kami Chavis
William & Mary Law School, Winston Salem, NC
Gabriel J. Chin
University of California, Davis School of Law, Davis, CA
Penelope L. Christophorou
Morgan Lewis Bockius LLP, New York, NY
Dane S. Ciolino
Loyola University New Orleans College of Law, Metairie, LA
Roger S. Clark
Rutgers Law School (Retired), Camden, NJ
Christine Nero Coughlin
Wake Forest University School of Law, Winston-Salem, NC
Thomas L. Cubbage
The Center for American and International Law, Plano, TX
Beverly Winslow Cutler
Alaska Superior Court, Third Judicial District (Retired), Palmer, AK
George A. Davidson
Hughes Hubbard & Reed LLP (Retired), New York, NY
Ross E. Davies
George Mason University Antonin Scalia Law School, Arlington, VA
Michelle Madden Dempsey
Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law, Villanova, PA
John L. Diamond
University of California College of the Law, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
Donald L. Doernberg
Pace University, Elisabeth Haub School of Law (Retired), Penn Valley, CA
Joshua Dressler
The Ohio State University, Moritz College of Law, Columbus, OH
Jennifer Ann Drobac
Indiana University, Robert H. McKinney School of Law, Indianapolis, IN
Meredith J. Duncan
University of Houston Law Center, Houston, TX
Christine M. Durham
Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati, Salt Lake City, UT
Cindy Dyer
Vital Voices Global Partnership, Washington, DC
Ilana H. Eisenstein
DLA Piper US LLP, Philadelphia, PA
Ira Mark Ellman
Arizona State University, Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law (Retired), Berkeley, CA
Roger A. Fairfax
Howard University School of Law, Washington, DC
Ira M. Feinberg
Office of the New York Attorney General, New York, NY
Herbert L. Fenster
Covington & Burling LLP (Retired), Boulder, CO
Eugene R. Fidell
Yale Law School, Stockbridge, MA
Arthur Norman Field
Field Consulting Services LLC, New York, NY
Edward B. Foley
The Ohio State University, Moritz College of Law, Columbus, OH
C. Allen Foster
Whiteford Taylor Preston, LLP, Washington, DC
Mary Anne Franks
George Washington University Law School, Washington, DC
Caroline Rose Fredrickson
Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, DC
Eric M. Freedman
Hofstra University School of Law, Hempstead, NY
Robert Shenton French
High Court of Australia (Retired), Perth, Australia
Andrew L. Frey
New York, NY
Paul L. Friedman
U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia, Washington, DC
Kenneth S. Gallant
University of Arkansas at Little Rock, William H. Bowen School of Law (Retired), Sequim, WA
Bryan A. Garner
LawProse Inc., Dallas, TX
Stephen P. Garvey
Cornell Law School, Ithaca, NY
Jacob E. Gersen
Harvard Law School, Cambridge, MA
Nancy Gertner
Harvard Law School, Cambridge, MA
Christopher S. Gontarz
Lynch & Pine, Newport, RI
Hervé Gouraige
Sills Cummis & Gross P.C., Newark, NJ
Linda Sheryl Greene
Michigan State University College of Law, East Lansing, MI
Michael Greenwald
Philadelphia, PA
Betsy J. Grey
Arizona State University, Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, Phoenix, AZ
Just. William M. C. Gummow
High Court of Australia (Retired), New South Wales, Australia
Leslie Joan Harris
University of Oregon School of Law (Retired), Eugene, OR
Robert M. Hart
Bronxville, NY
Virginia Ellen Hench
University of Hawaii at Manoa, William S. Richardson School of Law, Honolulu, HI
Ronald K. Henry
Arnold & Porter (Retired), Washington, DC
Ernest R. Higginbotham
UNT Dallas College of Law (Retired), Dallas, TX
W. William Hodes
The William Hodes Law Firm, Lady Lake, FL
Brian M. Hoffstadt
California Court of Appeal, Second Appellate District, Division Two, Los Angeles, CA
Steven F. Huefner
The Ohio State University, Moritz College of Law, Columbus, OH
John A. Humbach
Pace University, Elisabeth Haub School of Law, White Plains, NY
Richard H. Hunter
Richard H. Hunter PC, St Thomas, VI
Craig Iscoe
Superior Court of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC
Ralph A. Jacobs
Westport Island, ME
Richard Gibbs Johnson
RGJ LLC, Cleveland, OH
Henry R. Kaufman
Henry R. Kaufman, P.C., New York, NY
Michael Edward Keasler
Texas Court of Criminal Appeals (Retired), Austin, TX
Evelyn V. Keyes
Texas Court of Appeals, 1st District (Retired), Houston, TX
Nancy S. Kim
IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law, Chicago, IL
Nancy J. King
Vanderbilt University Law School (Retired), Nashville, TN
Laird C. Kirkpatrick
George Washington University Law School, Washington, DC
Daniel S. Kleinberger
Mitchell Hamline School of Law (Retired), Mendota Heights, MN
Cecelia M. Klingele
University of Wisconsin Law School, Madison, WI
Nina A. Kohn
Syracuse University College of Law, Syracuse, NY
Glenn S. Koppel
Western State College of Law (Retired), Anaheim, CA
Howard Langer
Langer, Grogan & Diver, P.C., Philadelphia, PA
Máximo Langer
University of California, Los Angeles School of Law, Los Angeles, CA
Bill Lann Lee
Civil Rights Education and Enforcement Center, Berkeley, CA
Cynthia K. Lee
George Washington University Law School, Washington, DC
Evan Tsen Lee
University of California College of the Law, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
Judith Leonard
Phoenix, AZ
George W. Liebmann
George W. Liebmann, P.A., Baltimore, MD
Wayne A. Logan
Wake Forest University School of Law, Winston Salem, NC
Margaret Colgate Love
Law Office of Margaret Love, Washington, DC
Linda A. Malone
William & Mary Law School, Williamsburg, VA
C. Scott Maravilla
U.S. Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, DC
Richard D. Marks
Health Record Banking Alliance, Charlottesville, VA
Amie C. Martinez
Anderson, Creager & Wittstruck, P.C., LLO, Lincoln, NE
Mary Massaron
Plunkett Cooney, P.C., Bloomfield Hills, MI
Alfred D. Mathewson
University of New Mexico School of Law, Albuquerque, NM
David McCord
Drake University Law School, Des Moines, IA
Roy W. McLeese III
District of Columbia Court of Appeals, Washington, DC
Benjamin C. McMurray
Utah Federal Defender Office, Salt Lake City, UT
M. Isabel Medina
Loyola University New Orleans College of Law, New Orleans, LA
A. Douglas Melamed
Stanford Law School, Stanford, CA
Marjorie A. Meyers
Federal Public Defender's Office, Southern District of Texas, Houston, TX
Katherine G. Minarik
Uniswap Labs, Brooklyn, NY
S. David Mitchell
University of Missouri School of Law, Columbia, MO
Saira Mohamed
University of California, Berkeley School of Law, Berkeley, CA
Thomas D. Morgan
George Washington University Law School (Retired), Naples, FL
Thomas R. Newman
Duane Morris LLP, New York, NY
Virginia E. Nolan
del Mar, CA
Michael M. O'Hear
Marquette University Law School, Milwaukee, WI
John Edward Osborn
University of Washington School of Law, Rockland, DE
Nancy Leeds Perkins
Arnold & Porter, Washington, DC
Ellen S. Podgor
Stetson University College of Law, Gulfport, FL
Susan Poser
Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY
Josephine R. Potuto
University of Nebraska College of Law, Lincoln, NE
Margaret Jane Radin
University of Michigan Law School (Retired), Ann Arbor, MI
Henry R. Reeve
Denver District Attorney's Office (Retired), Denver, CO
Christina C. Reiss
U.S. District Court, District of Vermont, Burlington, VT
Sarah E. Ricks
Rutgers Law School, Camden, NJ
Alice Ristroph
Brooklyn Law School, Brooklyn, NY
Ira P. Robbins
American University, Washington College of Law, Bethesda, MD
Paul H. Robinson
University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School, Philadelphia, PA
Margaret Casey Rodgers
U.S. District Court, Northern District of Florida, Pensacola, FL
Theodore O. Rogers
Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, New York, NY
Ronald S. Rolfe
Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP (Retired), New York, NY
Howard Ruda
Hahn & Hessen LLP (Retired), New York, NY
Sabrina R. Safrin
Rutgers Law School, Newark, NJ
Stephen A. Saltzburg
George Washington University Law School, Washington, DC
Lynn Hecht Schafran
Legal Momentum (Retired), New York, NY
Paul Schlaud
Texas Mutual Insurance Co., Austin, TX
Elizabeth M. Schneider
Brooklyn Law School, Brooklyn, NY
Elizabeth J. Shapiro
U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC
Richard W. Shepro
Mayer Brown LLP, Chicago, IL
Kenneth W. Simons
University of California, Irvine School of Law, Irvine, CA
Virginia E. Sloan
Chevy Chase, MD
Robert D. Sloane
Boston University School of Law, Boston, MA
Kathleen Smalley
Los Angeles, CA
Bradley Y. Smith
Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, New York, NY
Margaret Poles Spencer
Circuit Court of City of Richmond (Retired), Richmond, VA
Arthur B. Spitzer
American Civil Liberties Union of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC
Jane Stapleton
The University of Sydney Law School, Sydney, Australia
Edwin H. Stern
Pashman Stein Walder Hayden P.C., Hackensack, NJ
H. Mark Stichel
RKW Law Group, Baltimore, MD
Kate Stith-Cabranes
Yale Law School, New Haven, CT
Mark P. Strasser
Capital University Law School, Columbus, OH
Guy Miller Struve
Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP (Retired), New York, NY
Dwight H. Sullivan
U.S. Department of Defense, Washington, DC
Mary-Christine Sungaila
Complex Appellate Litigation Group, Newport Beach, CA
Carolyn Engel Temin
District Attorney's Office, Philadelphia, PA
Bowen H. Tucker
Chicago, IL
Deborah Tuerkheimer
Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law, Chicago, IL
Michael Vitiello
University of the Pacific, McGeorge School of Law, Sacramento, CA
Eugene Volokh
The Hoover Institution, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
Jay W. Waks
Larchmont, NY
Ari Ezra Waldman
University of California, Irvine School of Law, Irvine, CA
John L. Warden
Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, New York, NY
Thomas D. Waterman
Supreme Court of Iowa, Des Moines, IA
Lois Weithorn
University of California College of the Law, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
Sarah N. Welling
University of Kentucky, J. David Rosenberg College of Law, Lexington, KY
Marianne Wesson
University of Colorado Law School (Retired), Lyons, CO
Christina B. Whitman
University of Michigan Law School, Ann Arbor, MI
Ken Wise
Fourteenth Court of Appeals, Houston, TX
Nicholas J. Wittner
Michigan State University College of Law (Retired), East Lansing, MI
Robin E. Wosje
The Justice Management Institute, Arlington, VA
Ronald F. Wright
Wake Forest University School of Law, Winston-Salem, NC
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